Кафедра машин та агрегатів поліграфічного виробництва (МАПВ)

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https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/1761

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Перегляд Кафедра машин та агрегатів поліграфічного виробництва (МАПВ) за Автор "Prusov, Dmitry"

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    Economic constant of introducing resource-saving technologies at a construction company in an unstable market environment with limited resources
    (Видавничий дім "Гельветика", 2024) Kubanov, Ruslan; Makatora, Dmytro; Prusov, Dmitry
    Theoretical concepts and applied possibilities concerning the feasibility of introducing resource-saving technologies in a construction company under the influence of an unstable market environment and limited resources are determined. The article considers the dependence of construction production on many factors of the external and internal environment: natural and climatic, engineering and geological, economic, suppliers, sub-suppliers. This leads to the existence of a variety of projected cost and time indicators for a given construction project. This is due to the impossibility of obtaining accurate information on the conditions of project implementation. In the authors’ opinion, the limited availability of raw materials and the threat of their depletion are the reason for the constant rational use of raw materials and the search for new energy sources. The authors argue that in an unstable market environment and with limited resources, introducing resource-saving technologies can have a significant economic impact. Economic benefits, reduction of negative impact on the environment, improvement of the company’s image and status are the main advantages of introducing such technologies. It is necessary to compare the economic benefits of implementing resource-saving technologies with the costs of their installation and operation in order to determine the economic feasibility constant. Economic benefits include increased productivity, reduced costs due to resource savings and improved product quality. Costs are related to the installation of new technology, replacement of equipment, staff training and other factors. Economic feasibility is an economic assessment that helps determine whether introducing resource-saving technologies is economically viable. It can help construction companies make decisions about investing in new technologies in the context of an unstable market environment and limited resources. The article gives examples of the use of cost-effective resource-saving technologies: the reconstruction of Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) – the use of inventory shuttering in the complex use of softeners and chemical additives to concrete; the rationale for types of individual housing construction using recycled materials and the introduction of energy-saving technologies; the concept of “smart building”; the use of recycled materials such as bottles, paper, plastic and other materials in the construction of buildings. The article concludes that the use of resource-saving technologies can be an effective tool for ensuring the competitiveness and sustainable development of a construction company in an unstable market environment and with limited resources.
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    The smart city concept in the context of sustainable territorial development: innovation, economy, management, construction and applied characteristics
    (ТОВ «ДКС Центр», 2024-02-20) Yashchenko, Oleksii; Makatora, Dmytro; Kubanov, Ruslan; Prusov, Dmitry
    The study identifies the characteristics of the Smart City concept; describes its main components, which include: innovation, economy, management, construction and applied elements. The article describes a scientific development based on the approach considering the concept of sustainable development as an opportunity to meet current needs without compromising the needs of future generations and preserving environmental integrity. A brief description of the strategic objectives within the framework of the strategy of sustainable development of Ukraine up to the year 2030 is also included. The authors are of the opinion that resources are a key element in the life cycle of a person, a city and a country. The concept of smart cities as a tool for creating the basis for sustainable development is one of the most effective concepts in this area, which is gaining popularity. In particular, one of the main principles of the smart city concept is the rational use of all types of resources. Innovation, economy, education, infrastructure and governance are the criteria and factors used to determine the level of smartness of a city and to study its potential to modernise. The author analyses the prerequisites, the nature and the sequence of the stages in the development of a smart city strategy. New York is used as an example of the best US experience in developing smart cities. Taking into account modern theoretical developments and global trends in the construction of smart cities, the key areas of reconstruction of Ukrainian cities on these principles are formulated, taking into account the geopolitical peculiarities, by elements: infrastructure, information, ecology, economics, management, security and healthy life. The conclusions state that the concept of a smart city in the context of sustainable development of territories includes a whole range of innovations, economic and management approaches, as well as construction and applied characteristics aimed at improving the efficiency of the urban environment and reducing its environmental impact. The smart city concept is currently a key development area for cities and territories, as it considers an integrated approach to urban environment planning and management. Innovative technologies, efficient use of resources and environmental solutions are becoming important components in the design of the sustainable city of the future. The improvement of the efficiency of the urban environment and the reduction of its environmental impact are important tasks for the creation of viable and attractive urban environments.
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    Theoretical and Methodological Bases for Implementing BIM Technologies in Construction Companies: Essence. Characteristics. Economic Efficiency
    (ВИДАВНИЧИЙ ДІМ «ІНЖЕК», 2024) Yashchenko, Oleksii; Makatora, Dmytro; Kubanov, Ruslan; Zinych, Petro; Prusov, Dmitry
    The theoretical concepts and methodological characteristics of implementing BIM technologies in construction companies have been defined. BIM is an information modelling of a construction object, which involves the collection and processing of all information about a building with all its interconnections and dependencies, when the building is considered as a single object. It should be noted that when analysing the definitions of BIM, it is possible to come to the conclusion that it is necessary to make a clearer distinction as to what type of object is meant. Thus, there are some definitions that refer directly to the building model (Building Information Model), the building lifecycle process (Building Information Modelling) and the entire investment and construction process system (Building Information Management). It is pointed out that the traditional approach to design is based on two-dimensional models – plans, drawings and paper documentation. In contrast, Building Information Modelling (BIM) technologies add new aspects – construction plans, time and costs. These can be presented in any convenient form using an information model of the object in virtual reality. The short and long term benefits of using BIM technology in the construction industry are analysed in this article. It was noted that BIM goes beyond standard CAD systems as it allows to create three-dimensional models, known as 3D models, as well as models defined as 4D, 5D, 6D and even 7D. An automated project management system is described on the basis of three elements: the structure of project activities, the structure of resources and the matrix of resource allocation to project activities. In an automated system that ensures effective project planning, control and execution, these elements form a project management model. However, effective cost management throughout the project lifecycle is crucial to the successful implementation of the information system and maximising its benefits to the organisation. According to the authors, the overall cost-effectiveness factor of using BIM technology is determined by several factors: reduction of the overall level of project risks due to proven, accurate and optimised design solutions for engineering systems; reduction of construction time and construction costs as a result of reducing the number of errors in installation and use of materials; improvement of the quality and efficiency of building use will help reduce the negative impact on the environment. The conclusions emphasise that the successful implementation of BIM technologies in a construction company can lead to economic efficiency through an increase in labour productivity, a reduction in the cost of resources and materials, as well as an improvement in the quality and safety of construction processes. In addition, using BIM can help improve the quality of buildings and optimise the use of resources, helping to reduce environmental impact. In fact, BIM is a significant cost driver through this comprehensive approach to project management in construction.