Novikov, OleksiiIlin, MykolaStopochkina, IrynaDuduladenko, Volodymyr2026-02-252026-02-252025Stealthy cyberattacks on control systems using an adaptive soft-constrained optimization method / Oleksii Novikov, Mykola Ilin, IrynaStopochkina, Volodymyr Duduladenko // Theoretical and Applied Cybersecurity: scientific journal. – 2025. – Vol. 7, No. 1. – P. 104-110. – Bibliogr.: 17 ref.https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/79037This paper presents a novel approach for designing stealthy cyberattacks on automated control systems of critical infrastructure. The core idea lies in employing an adaptive soft-constrained optimization method, which simultaneously maximizes the impact functional of the attacker while keeping the attacked trajectory within the invisibility range of a standard fault detection mechanism. The proposed approach is based on a variational problem formulation, the construction of adjoint equations, and a gradient-based procedure with dynamic penalty parameter updates. Numerical simulation is conducted on a second-order test dynamic system. The results demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness and convergence, as well as the feasibility of generating a controlled attack that successfully bypasses WLS-based detection methods. The method can be used to test the resilience of industrial systems to cyber threats through security scenario modelingencyberattackscritical infrastructurestealthy attacksautomated control systemsoptimization methodsArticleP. 104-110https://doi.org/10.20535/tacs.2664-29132025.1.333440004.056.55:623.746.9:681.3.060000-0001-5988-33520000-0002-1065-65000000-0002-0346-03900009-0005-7826-7148