Перегляд за Автор "Bronytskyi, V."

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    Analysis of use of Trapa natans as alternative fuel for boiler
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020) Naumenko, D.; Hrebeniuk, Т.; Zakladnyi, O.; Bronytskyi, V.
    The article considers the search for alternative fuel relevant for the present question. For example, the use of wood pellets or biomass. The use of biofuels can also put a stop to the biggest environmental problem - climate change on the planet. Biofuels have less effect on the greenhouse effect, because plants that then use as biofuels absorb carbon from the atmosphere and produce oxygen. The properties of Trapa natans spread and multiply rapidly, make it possible to consider it as an alternative fuel for boiler houses of the hot water supply system (HWS). Coal combustion is usually characterized by high combustion temperatures and contains more sulfur and nitrogen than wood and other biomass. This means that the burning of coal leads to the release of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxides, as well as toxic pollutants that are bound by adsorption or absorption. Wood combustion smoke also contains gaseous air pollutants, which may have a number of adverse health effects. Among these gases are carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, acrolein, formaldehyde, benzene, and other organic compounds, including carboxylic acids, numerous saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, aromatic compounds, and oxygen organic compounds. Combustion of biomass, which, for example, as a result of salt water treatment or transport by sea, contains chlorine, can also lead to emissions of chloro-organic compounds. To establish a connection between the combustion heat and the calorific value of the substance, the equations of the chemical combustion reaction are analyzed. The calorific value of the fuel is calculated using the empirical formula proposed by D.I. Mendeleev. To do this, an analysis of the elementary composition of the fuel is performed, that is, the percentage of oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, ash, water in it. The necessary amount of Trapa natans, firewood and coal required to heat 500 liters of water from 30 to 100 C has been established. It has been proved that Trapa natans can be used as an alternative fuel for boiler systems of HWS for enterprises adjacent to reservoirs.
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    Estimation of risks for development of naturally technogenic environments
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019) Remez, N.; Bronytskyi, V.
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    Use of geo-information systems for groundwater monitoring
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2024) Hrebeniuk, T.; Artomov, R.; Remez, N.; Bronytskyi, V.
    The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using geographic information systems (GIS) for monitoring the state of groundwater, which is important for ensuring environmental safety and sustainable management of water resources. Groundwater is an important source of fresh water for the population, industry and agriculture, but it is vulnerable to various pollutions caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, the implementation of reliable monitoring systems that allow timely detection, assessment and forecasting of changes in water quality is necessary to preventthe deterioration of the ecological situation and prevent the spread of pollution.Geographic information systems (GIS ) offer significant opportunities for the collection and integration of large volumes of spatial data,including satellite images, remote sensing results, automated sensor data, and field observations. GIS allow creating multi-layered maps reflecting the ecological state of underground aquifers, modeling pollution processes and predicting their possible impact on nearby ecosystems and water sources. Thanks to the use of GIS, it is possible to combine data from different sources in a single interactive system, which simplifies analysis and provides the ability to quickly respond to any detected deviations.The article examines in detail the key methods used within GIS for groundwater monitoring, including satellite sounding to analyze changes in the earth's surface, spectral indices to assess the state of vegetation and soil salinity, and radar methods to determine soil electrical conductivity. Particular attention is paid to the application of three-dimensional modeling, which allows visualization of the spread of pollution in underground aquifers, which facilitates decision-making regarding the optimal location of monitoring stations and thedesign of protective structures. In combination with automated sensors recording water parameters in real time, GIS provides continuous monitoring of the physico-chemical indicators of groundwater and allows for prompt assessment of their condition.The article also analyzes the possibilities of using predictive modeling in GIS to assess the further spread of pollution and develop environmental risk management measures. It is described how mathematical models in GIS can help predict the impact of anthropogenic and natural factors on groundwater, which ensures the development of scientifically based solutions to reduce pollution and maintain water quality at a safe level. The implementation of GIS in groundwater monitoring is an important step towards increasing the efficiency of water resources management, ensuring their protection from pollution and preserving the ecological stability of the regions.