Перегляд за Автор "Litynska, Marta"

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    Persistent organic pollutants: sources, migration in ecosystems, removal methods in wastewater treatment and remediation of soils and natural water
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського; ТОВ «Українська водна спілка», 2023) Litynska, Marta
    Persistent organic pollutants are among the most dangerous pollutants due to their resistance to destruction in natural conditions, the ability to migrate in ecosystems, bioaccumulation, biomagnification and significant harmful effects on health. Persistent organic pollutants include organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated naphthalenes, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. Even in small amounts, these compounds can cause endocrine disorders and have a carcinogenic effect. Most of these compounds are exclusively of anthropogenic origin. Although the Stockholm Convention has severely restricted the production and use of persistent organic pollutants, many soils and water bodies are already contaminated with these compounds, and some banned substances continue to be produced as byproducts of industrial processes. Also, although the lists of substances prohibited for production are periodically updated, a large number of compounds, which by their properties are persistent organic pollutants, have not yet entered these lists. There are many methods for removing persistent organic pollutants from water, but most of them are insufficiently effective or lead to the generation of large quantities of contaminated waste that need to be disposed of. Photocatalysis is the most promising method of wastewater treatment that contains persistent organic pollutants. Unlike coagulation, adsorption, biological treatment and nanofiltration/reverse osmosis, this method avoids the generation of solid and liquid waste contaminated with these pollutants. In the case of remediation of polluted waters and soils, the main methods are bioremediation and adsorption, since these methods can immobilize persistent organic pollutants directly in the ecosystem without taking soil or water for treatment.
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    Suspension Sorbents For Removal Of Arsenic Compounds And Humates From Water
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського; ТОВ «Українська водна спілка», 2020) Litynska, Marta; Dontsova, Tetiana
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    The war impact on Ukraine's marine environment
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського; ТОВ «Українська водна спілка», 2024) Kyrii, Svitlana; Litynska, Marta; Misevych, Anna
    The article is devoted to an overview of the impact of hostilities on Ukraine's marine environment. Marine ecosystems are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic factors, especially to pollution caused by hostilities, which leads to serious environmental, economic and social consequences. Ukraine, which has significant marine resources, faces the need to assess environmental risks and develop strategies to minimise them. Given the importance of marine areas for fisheries, tourism, transport and ecosystem services, a detailed study of the impact of military operations on the marine environment is crucial. Such a review will allow for the development of effective mechanisms to protect the marine environment, facilitate ecosystem restoration, and help reduce the negative impact on the economies of coastal regions. In this regard, studying the impact of military operations on the marine environment is essential for the future environmental security of Ukraine and the sustainability of its marine resources. The study aims to determine the impact of military operations on Ukraine's marine environment. It has been established that the extremely negative impact of military operations on the Black and Azov Seas is caused by the sinking of military equipment (ships, submarines, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc.), which begins to corrode, releasing heavy metals (lead, copper, cadmium and mercury) into the water, as well as fuel materials containing oil and its derivatives. Oil forms a film on the sea surface, which harm photosynthetic organisms, disrupts gas exchange in the water, and can lead to mass mortality of fish and other aquatic organisms. This leads to the pollution of the aquatic environment, which can accumulate in marine life and affect the entire ecosystem. Another important example of the impact of military operations is the presence of explosive remnants in the Black and Azov Seas, such as mines and shells, which can remain dangerous for decades after the end of hostilities, posing threats to marine biota and human health. Military action will, therefore, have far-reaching consequences for the Black and Azov Seas, creating complex environmental, economic and social problems.