Перегляд за Автор "Parakhonko, Vadym"

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    Energy exchange processes in the growing organism of first- and second-year students
    (Український державний університет імені Михайла Драгоманова, 2024-12-25) Khimich, Igor; Parakhonko, Vadym
    Studying at a university is a complex and lengthy process that requires a lot of effort from all body systems. The first year is a special period: former schoolchildren, accustomed to a certain system, entering a university, face new forms and methods of teaching, new emotional experiences, their work and rest, sleep, and nutrition regimes change. There is a need to adapt to a new team, new teachers. At the same time, the functional abilities of the body of first-year students are reduced, since most of them had to pass important exams and did not have enough summer rest. One of the most important problems of education in a modern university is the adaptation of students to the academic load. A multi-level functional system of adaptation is formed by the interaction and mutual influence of physiological and psychological components of adaptive reactions. The contribution of each of these components is determined by the ratio of two goals of adaptation - maintaining homeostasis and performing activity tasks. It is known that during the period of study at a university, students are exposed to a number of both non-specific (climatic-geographical, environmental) and specific factors (age, physiological and psychological characteristics, emotional overload, sedentary lifestyle): adaptation to a set of new factors is accompanied by significant stress on the compensatory-adaptive systems of the students' body. These issues are most relevant for maintaining the health of students, as the most active creative part of the nation. Students are a reserve of highly qualified specialists for various sectors of the national economy, determining the labor and intellectual potential of the country, reproduction and health of the future generation in the coming years. The process of adaptation to studying at a university is a very complex, multifaceted phenomenon. The period of acute adaptation, according to many researchers, falls on the first and second years of university. Its duration is determined by the individual characteristics of the student, including abilities, mental attitudes, financial security and, of course, health. The degree of expenditure of physiological and mental resources of the human body to perform specific work, balancing with the external environment is described by the parameters of the current functional state.
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    Factors affecting the psychological training of young swimmers
    (Вид-во УДУ імені Михайла Драгоманова, 2024) Parakhonko, Vadym; Khimich, Igor
    Psychological preparation of swimmers for competitions. One of the specific features of sports activity is that it is well known to the athlete and studied by him in advance. In few sports, the athlete encounters completely unexpected, sudden stimuli. But even in such cases, he tries to predict the course of sports wrestling. Often, in all types of sports, at competitions, athletes cannot show their best results: they cannot lift a weight that was easily lifted in training; mistakes are made in the technique of gymnastic exercises; cannot run as fast as possible, etc. And all this is because the athlete cannot always demonstrate and mobilize his mental functions at the level necessary to achieve the maximum result. In this regard, psychological training acquires special importance, the purpose of which is the formation and improvement of personal properties significant for sports by changing the system of the athlete's relationship to the process of activity, to himself and others. The formation and consolidation of appropriate relations is created through the integral influence on the athlete of the family, university, sports team, organizations that perform educational functions, the coach, and other persons, as well as through self-education. Of particular interest are fluctuations in the level of qualities characteristic of everyone during different periods of preparation. For example, we observe that with appropriate psychological preparation on the eve of a competition, it is possible to reduce the level of anxiety, increase the level of competitiveness, and volitional control, thereby facilitating successful performance.
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    Functional condition of young swimmers. Psychophysical indikators
    (Вид-во УДУ імені Михайла Драгоманова, 2023) Khimich, Igor; Parakhonko, Vadym; Kachalov, Oleksandr
    In the problem of studying the implementation of complex motor reactions in conditions of sports activity and their tolerance, along with generally accepted psychological and pedagogical measures, the study of psychophysiological functions is used. The physiological mechanism for the implementation of complex motor functions in health and in pathology has been studied by many authors [1,2,3etc.], mainly in a state of rest. However, there are many controversial issues related to the influenceof complex coordination loads, such as swimming, on the mechanisms of implementation of the contractile function in young athletes, even at the initial stages of training. Quantitative assessment of the state of the somatosensory system, which ensures the performance of aspecial motor function of young athletes, characteristic of a specific type of motor activity, consists in the insufficiency of methodological criteria.