2022

Постійне посилання на фонд

https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/53785

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Перегляд 2022 за Ключові слова "activated carbon"

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  • Ескіз
    ДокументВідкритий доступ
    Development of high-efficiency replacement filters for purification of drinking water on household filter pitchers
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського; ТОВ «Українська водна спілка», 2022) Bolshak, A.; Patalashka, R.; Gudim, N.; Liuts, V.; Shevchuk, O.
    Water filter pitchers s are the simplest and most affordable devices for local purification of drinking water from centralized and decentralized water sources. The main filter element of such pitchers is a cartridge containing a mixture of sorption materials that are able to absorb certain impurities from the water. However, as previous studies demonstrated, the quality of water, purified with filter pitcher cartridges currently available on the market, does not usually reach the level sufficient to meet the standards for drinking water, which are specified in the document DSanPin 2.2.4-171 -10 "Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption", while maintaining compliance with consumer needs. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a cartridge for filter pitchers, which would provide high efficiency of purification of tap water in Kyiv from the most common impurities: chlorine, organic compounds and hardness ions. In this work, 5 newly created cartridge samples with different ratios of sorption material content, drainage material density, cartridge filling density, presence or absence of inert material in the loading were studied to identify the impact of these factors on water purification efficiency and water filtration rate, as well as the connection between these parameters. According to the results of the study, a cartridge for a filter pitcher was proposed and determined its the optimal composition. It provides adjustment of tap water composition, namely: reduction by 60 % of the average concentration of chlorine (per 150 dm3 of water), by 15 % - permanganate oxidizability and by 20 % concentration of hardness ions to standard values at filtration rate not less than 0.15 dm3 /min and a resource of 150 dm3. These results were achieved by selecting the optimal ratio of the components of the filter loading mixture and the density of the bottom drainage material.
  • Ескіз
    ДокументВідкритий доступ
    Production technology and filtering properties of carbon block cartridges
    (КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського; ТОВ «Українська водна спілка», 2022) Braslavska, Y.; Mitchenko, T.; Ponomarov, V.; Maletskyi, Z.; Kosogina, I.
    In the present paper, the information on the influence of various factors on the carbon block cartridges production technology and their potential impact on the properties of the finished product is presented. The possibilities of increasing the sorption-filtering efficiency of carbon block cartridges are presented. The technical and exploitation characteristics are influenced by the size of the mixture components granules, the physicochemical properties of active carbon and binder polymers, their ratio in the mixture, and the addition of bactericidal additives into the composition. The study of this topic is relevant, as evidenced by the analysis of the increasing number of publications on this matter over the past ten years. However, the production technology of carbon block cartridges is the know-how of manufacturing companies. This information is confirmed by the analysis of the technical characteristics of sixty carbon block cartridges from nine world manufacturers, whose products are WQA certified according to the NSF/ANSI 42 standard. The recommendations given by a number of authors on the size of activated carbon granules in the range from 40 to 120 mesh and polyethylene particles from 80 to 160 mesh with a flow rate of 1.4-3 g/10 min, can be taken as "reference points" in the development of extrusion mixtures with different components ratio. The following factors play an important role in obtaining effective cartridges: the quality of pre-extrusion mixing of the composition, its resistance to delamination during the “transition” from the mixer to the extruder loading zone, extrusion temperature regimes by zones, product cooling temperature, backpressure on the billet leaving the extruder. The information given in this article will be useful when producing new carbon block cartridges, improving the parameters of existing technologies, as well as in the research development of cartridges with new properties.