Кафедра машин та агрегатів поліграфічного виробництва (МАПВ)

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https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/1761

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Перегляд Кафедра машин та агрегатів поліграфічного виробництва (МАПВ) за Ключові слова "338.2:690"

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  • Ескіз
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    Architectural and economic approach to low-rise housing to achieve economic stability and sustainable development
    (Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2023) Yashchenko, Oleksii; Makatora, Dmytro; Kubanov, Ruslan
    Sustainable construction, in the context of sustainable development at economic, social and environmental levels, is a proven strategy that responds to the challenges of the modern construction industry. It is an approach that focuses on balanced development, taking into account the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations. At the economic level, sustainable construction contributes to the creation of efficient and energy-saving buildings, which helps to reduce heating and cooling costs. It also reduces the impact of construction on financial resources through the use of more cost-effective materials and technologies. This research aims at identifying theoretical concepts and practical ways of economic, environmental and construction development of architectural and economic concept of low-rise buildings for achieving economic stability and sustainable development of the country. In order to create the concept of sustainable development, it is recommended to base it on the circular economy model. This model provides for the reuse of materials. The unacceptability of using materials that cannot be reused is the main principle of this model. This means that, without producing waste or polluting the environment, resources should be used efficiently and in a circular manner. It should be noted that the cost of building houses and apartments in this type of development needs to be identified in detail when analysing the cost of low-rise development. The cost of developing infrastructure such as engineering and transport, and the cost of maintaining engineering networks and transport communications must also be considered. In general, the feasibility study also includes the cost of land and legal regulation. According to the authors, maximum economic efficiency can be achieved by concentrating on developing two to four-storeyed buildings. In low-rise residential buildings, there are two ways to save energy. Firstly, by reducing energy consumption from external sources through the installation of autonomous or local technical systems. Secondly, by using energy-efficient buildings that use alternative energy sources, energy savings can be achieved. One of the key concepts of modern housing is considered to be the active house. This means that modern economic concepts need to be applied. For example, the principle of “zero waste” and the model of a circular economy based on this principle require that the generation of waste be reduced or avoided as much as possible. In the case of old buildings, the principle of zero waste means that these buildings should be easy to dismantle without generating a significant amount of waste. One of the possible uses of these materials is to create new building materials or to produce other goods. The conclusions show that economic resilience, sustainable development and improved quality of life in the country can be achieved by using the architectural and economic concept of low-rise buildings. This has great potential to create a sustainable and prosperous society in the future, but requires an integrated approach and collaboration between different stakeholders.
  • Ескіз
    ДокументВідкритий доступ
    Ensuring the economic and environmental development of the architecture and construction industry: theoretical concepts and applied development paths
    (Кременчуцький національний університет імені Михайла Остроградського, 2023) Oleksii Yashchenko; Dmytro Makatora; Ruslan Kubanov
    In order to ensure the sustainable development of the architecture and construction industry, the economy and the state as a whole, it has been proven that it is necessary to develop environmental awareness. Environmental awareness contributes to the preservation of natural resources, the solution of environmental problems, the promotion of innovation and the strengthening of competitiveness. It is only through the combination of environmental principles and effective management strategies that we can create a future that is beneficial to both our economy and nature. The study aims to define theoretical concepts and applied ways of economic and environmental development of architecture and construction. The main idea of the economic efficiency of architecture and construction consists in promoting the construction and reconstruction of architectural objects through the introduction of cost-effective technologies and solutions. This includes using alternative energy sources, energy-efficient materials and heating and cooling systems, and rationalising space to optimise usage. Such measures will bring economic benefits to owners and occupiers of buildings by reducing energy consumption and energy costs. There will also be a positive impact on the environment through the reduction of carbon emissions and other pollutants. The “passive house” concept is the subject of analysis. It is noted that there has been a significant increase in interest in the construction of passive houses from secondary materials such as concrete, glass and metal. In Germany, in particular, there are special plants that process this type of waste and use it for the production of building materials for energy-efficient houses. According to the authors, systemic factors need to be considered when designing economic, organisational and technological support for installing energy-efficient buildings. The energy-economic model of energy consumption in the construction and operation of building structures includes the following important factors: natural and climatic factors, which determine the environmental suitability of the area and the energy costs for maintaining sanitary and hygienic parameters in the building premises; microclimate, which depends on the optimal thermal, air and light conditions created by the enclosing structures. The conclusions state that the efficient use of limited resources and the use of environmentally friendly technologies are at the heart of the economic approach to sustainable development. This includes optimising how raw materials get extracted and processed, creating environmentally friendly products and waste management. An integrated approach and cooperation between all stakeholders – government, companies, organisations and the public – is needed to ensure the economic and environmental development of the architecture and construction industry. Modernising processes and using innovative technologies is one of the ways to achieve this goal. This will ensure sustainable industry growth, efficient use of natural resources and balanced social development.