Biodestroyers as drivers of evolution of soil ecosystems
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Дата
2025
Науковий керівник
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського
Анотація
In conditions of intensive farming, post-harvest plant residues, in particular straw, become a
significant logistical and environmental challenge. A promising alternative is the use of biological
destructors, which provide targeted transformation of plant residues in the soil by stimulating biotic
processes. Biodestructors not only accelerate the mineralization of organic matter, but also enrich
the soil microbiome with beneficial, metabolically active microorganisms that inhibit the
development of phytopathogenic and saprophytic species. The carbon released during the
decomposition of straw is integrated into humification processes, stimulating the synthesis of humic
and fulvic acids - key components of stable soil organic matter. In field conditions, a study was
conducted on the effectiveness of different compositions of destructors (bacterial, fungal and
combined bacterial-fungal) when applied to organic corn residues. Soil samples were analyzed
according to generally accepted microbiological methods. The assessment of the direction of
microbiological processes was carried out using ecological coefficients. The results showed that
within 60 and 180 days after the introduction of biodestructors, the values of Km, Kol and Kped in
the experimental variants did not exceed 1, which indicates a balanced course of biotic processes and
a harmonious ratio of synthetic and destructive mechanisms in the soil. For the control variant, these
indicators were at or slightly above unity, which indicates a less stable state of the microbiological
environment. The coefficient of transformation of organic matter 60 days after treatment with
biodestructors exceeded the control indicators by 2.3–3.2 times, depending on the type of destructor.
On the 180th day, the K of the experimental variants was 1.5 times higher than the control. This
indicates a prolonged effect of destructors and effective conversion of organic matter throughout the
vegetation cycle. Therefore, the formation of a favorable soil microbiome as a result of the use of
biodestructors ensures not only the rapid processing of plant residues, but also contributes to the
stabilization of physiological and metabolic processes in the soil environment.
Опис
Ключові слова
destructors, microorganisms, mineralization, transformation of organic matter, ecological coefficients, деструктори, мікроорганізми, мінералізація, трансформація органічної речовини, екологічні коефіцієнти
Бібліографічний опис
Biodestroyers as drivers of evolution of soil ecosystems / Alyona Bunas, Igor Movchan, Olena Sherstoboeva, Yevhenia Tkach // Матеріали XХV Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Екологія. Людина. Суспільство» пам’яті д-ра Дмитра СТЕФАНИШИНА (12 червня 2025 р., м. Київ, Україна). – Київ : КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2025. – С. 31-38. – Бібліогр.: 11 назв.