Перегляд за Автор "Kachalov, O."

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    Factors that ensure an adequate level of physical fitness in female students of higher education institutions
    (Національний педагогічний університет імені М.П. Драгоманова, 2022) Zenina, I.; Gavrilova, N.; Kuzmenko, N.; Kachalov, O.
    The article discusses the factors that ensure the appropriate level. It was determined that physical capacity is the maximum mechanical work that a person is able to perform. Assessment of a person's physical capacity is necessary for solving a wide range of practical problems: determining the state of health, the results of sports training, and others. It has been proven that physical performance depends on many factors: body composition and anthropometric indicators, muscle strength and endurance, the state of the musculoskeletal system, functional and endocrine systems. Factors such as energy potential, completeness of its use and cost-effectiveness of movements are also important. It has been established that work capacity is ensured by both aerobic and anaerobic processes of energy generation, and according to the preference of one of them, aerobic physical work capacity, anaerobic and mixed are distinguished. Despite the fact that the indicators of physical development of student youth show positive dynamics, the general state of health of modern youth is deteriorating, which negatively affects their physical and mental capacity. The most acute social problem in Ukraine is the deterioration of the health of children and youth. Negative factors that reduce the level of health are improper nutrition, hypokinesia, psycho-emotional overstrain, and bad habits. Effective means of improving not only physical, but also emotional health of a person include aqua fitness. Nowadays, there is no doubt about the possibility of a positive effect of physical exercises in water on the state of physical and mental health, improving the activity of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and hormonal systems and developing the physical qualities of a person.
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    Use of the principle of health orientation in physical education classes
    (УДУ імені Михайла Драгоманова, 2023-02) Ivanyuta, N.; Kachalov, O.; Zakharova, I.; Burlaka, I.
    The article analyzes the peculiarities of using the principle of health orientation during physicaleducation classes in institutions of higher education. It was found that the principle of health orientation obliges physical education teachers to organize classes in such a way that they ensure the performance of preventive and developmental functions. The main requirements of the principle of health orientation are determined. It has been proven that when using the principle of health-oriented orientation, the means of physical education are of great importance, so, among the means of health-recreational physical culture, the main types are conditionally distinguished (exercises from sports of a cyclic and acyclic nature, mass physical culture and health-improving and sports events, non-traditional means of health-improving, health-improving systems) andadditional types (medical-biological and psychological means of recovery, natural factors). In the structural method, programs are designed in advance, using specially prepared musical soundtracks and developed choreographic combinations consisting of combinations of various aerobic steps that are repeated in a combination of exercises in a certain order, with a given frequency, number of movements and in exact accordance with musical accompaniment. Such standardized programs are repeated during a certain cycle of classes, sufficient to solve specific tasks.The constant need for improvement is provided by a wide variety of exercises and conditions for their performance, a favorable emotional background, an individual approach, encouragement of activity, adequate criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of classes, a choice in accordance with individual characteristics of forms of criticism and methods of encouragement. Stimulation of interest in systematic classes with health-improving exercises and regular loads is achieved by the formation of a state of satisfaction with classes, awareness of their benefit and necessity.