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Composite of cellulose-nanofiber-reinforced cellulose acetate butyrate: improvement of mechanical strength by cross-linking of hydroxyl groups
(Liha-Pres, 2023) Milotskyi, Romain; Serizawa, Ryo; Sharma, Gyanendra; Wada, Naoki; Takahashi, Kenji
Today, biocomposites produced from a bio-based filler and bio based matrix are a great attraction, which can present desired functionalities at a reasonable cost. In this study, cellulose laminates were prepared by using CNF as a filler and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) as the polymer matrix. Cellulose composite material was manufactured by sandwiching CNF reinforcement filler between CAB matrices using the hot-press technique. The cross-linking agent polyisocyanurate D376N (STABiO™) was applied to improve the adhesion between the matrix and filler. The optimal manufacturing conditions (cross-linker amount, hot-press pressure, and time) were investigated. When 14.3 wt. % of the cross-linking agent to the total weight of CNF and CAB was added, the tensile strength and flexural strength were improved by 72.4% and 16.3%, respectively, compared with neat CAB. It was concluded that this increase in strength is a result of both: cross-linking between the CNF sheets as well as the cross linking occurring at the CNF/CAB interface.