Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering: international scientific e-journal, Vol. 8, No. 1

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https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/65278

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Перегляд Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering: international scientific e-journal, Vol. 8, No. 1 за Ключові слова "microbial fuel cell"

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    Electrical energy generation by microbial fuel cells with microalgae on the cathode
    (Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, 2024) Koltysheva, D. S.; Shchurska, K. O.; Kuzminskyi Ye. V
    Background. The possibility of converting organic compounds into electrical energy in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) makes MFCs a promising eco-friendly technology. However, the use of platinum or hexacyanoferrates may increase costs or lead to secondary environmental pollution. The use of microalgae in the cathode chamber is a promising solution to these problems. Objective. We aimed to establish the dependence of electrical energy generation and the efficiency of the application of a specific type of algae on the type and mode of lighting. Methods. In the study, two-chamber H-type MFC with salt bridge was used. Fermented residue after methanogenesis was used as inoculum in the anode chamber, and microalgae cultures Chlorella vulgaris, Desmodesmus armatus, and Parachlorella kessleri were used as inoculum in the cathode chamber. Results. MFCs with microalgae demonstrate the ability to generate current under different light sources. The maximum voltage for the MFC with an anode biofilm and with microalgae in the cathode chamber is 13–15% lower compared to the MFC with an abiotic cathode (840 ± 42 mV). The maximum current is 2–6% lower than the control (480 ± 24 млA) for the MFC with Chlorella vulgaris and the MFC with Parachlorella kessleri, and 8% higher for the MFC with Desmodesmus armatus compared to the MFC with an abiotic cathode. The MFCs with microalgae are capable of generating electrical energy for an extended period. Conclusions. With a pre-grown anodic biofilm, both the current and voltage maintain relative stability when the light source is changed. The potential use of solar lighting broadens the applicability of the MFCs with microalgae, as it eliminates the need for additional costs associated with artificial light sources.
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    Intensification of the biohydrogen production process
    (Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, 2024) Golub, N. B.; Zubchenko, L. S.; Demianenkо, I. V.; Zhang, Y.; Seminska, N. V.
    Background. In the last decades, humanity has faced the challenge of finding new ways to obtain renewable, environmentally friendly energy carriers. Hydrogen is one of such energy carriers; however, the current methods of its production require fossil fuels and are accompanied by significant CO2 emissions. Consequently, the energy costs needed to obtain hydrogen by electrolysis exceed the amount of energy produced by burning the hydrogen. Simultaneously, the hydrogen yields for alternative ways, such as fermentation, remain low. Objective. The aim of the work is the development of approaches to intensify the biohydrogen obtaining process from agricultural waste. Methods. An increase in hydrogen yield was achieved using specifically grown microorganisms of the Clostridium spp. A combination of the waste fermentation process with the production of hydrogen in a microbial fuel cell (MFC), which was fed with the liquid fraction after fermentation, was employed. Results. The yield of hydrogen depends on the component composition of the raw material. Higher lignin content in the raw material reduces the yield of hydrogen. The addition of Clostridium spp. to the natural consortium in the amount of 10% of the total inoculum led to an increase in hydrogen yield. The combination of two processes – fermentation and hydrogen production in a MFC – increased the yield of hydrogen by 1.7 times, along with a higher degree of organic raw materials utilization. Conclusions. The additional introduction of Clostridium spp. to the hydrogen-producing consortium leads to a 7–10% increase in the yield of hydrogen, depending on the composition of the raw material. The yield of hydrogen obtained in the fermentation process for the substrate containing corn silage is 12 +- 1% higher than for the wheat straw. In general, the combination of the fermentation and hydrogen production in the MFC in a two-stage process leads to an overall increase in the yield of hydrogen by 60 +- 5%.