Система дистанційного моніторингу хворих на COVID-19 на основі технологій інтернета речей
| dc.contributor.advisor | Карплюк, Євгеній Сергійович | |
| dc.contributor.author | Кучер, Вячеслав Васильович | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-08-29T13:02:45Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-08-29T13:02:45Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Вiддалений монiторинг пацiєнтiв покращує контроль стану здоров’я пацiєнтiв. Отже задача побудови системи монiторингу є актуальною, система монiторингу стану пацiєнта в першу чергу зменшує навантаження на органи охорони здоров’я, що є вагомим аргументом пiд час пандемiї, також така система буде в нагодi людям якi знаходяться вiддалено вiд медицинських закладiв, наприклад в селi. Об’єктом дослiдження є клiнiчнi показники COVID-19. Предметом дослiдження є системи монiторингу пацiєнта та апаратнi засоби монiторингу. Метою роботи є створення системи монiторингу при захворюваннi COVID-19. У першому роздiлi наданi теоритичнi вiдомостi про iнфекцiйне захворювання COVID-19, клiнiчна картина хвороби, основнi симптоми, принципи монiторингу та обранi показники для монiторингу при захворюваннi COVID-19. У другому роздiлi проведено аналiз технологiй iнтернету речей, загальної архiтектури, запропонована архiтектура для системи монiторингу при захворюваннi COVID-19 та обранi пристрої для монiторингу тиску та пульсоксиметрiї, обгрунтованi вимоги до програмного забезпечення. У третьому роздiлi обгрунтованi вимоги до пристрою ЕКГ, обрано АЦП та мiкроконтроллер з iнтерфейсом BLE, також було промодельовано вхiдний каскад вимiрювання трансгрудинного iмпедансу. | uk |
| dc.description.abstractother | COVID-19 coronavirus infection in 2019 is a potentially severe, acute respiratory infection caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 [1], which can occur in the form of acute respiratory viral infection of mild course [2] and in severe form [3]. . The virus infects various organs through direct infection or through the body's immune response [4]. The most common complication is viral pneumonia, which leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome and subsequent acute respiratory failure, which require oxygen therapy and respiratory support. Complications include multiple organ failure, septic shock and venous thromboembolism. The most common symptoms of the disease include fever, fatigue, dry cough. In rare cases, the virus infects children and adolescents, can lead to the development of inflammatory syndrome [5]. Long-term complications called postcocious syndrome are also possible [6]. The virus is spread by airborne droplets, as well as through the virus on the surface with subsequent introduction into the eyes, nose or mouth. Frequent hand washing, observance of the rules of respiratory hygiene, and observance of social distance will be effective measures for prevention and prevention of the disease. In order to reduce the spread of infection, a mandatory mask regime has been introduced, which implies the need to wear masks in public places, including shops and public transport. The disease is caused by a new virus, against which people initially have no acquired immunity [7], people of all ages are susceptible to infection. A significant damage from a pandemic is an increase in the burden on medical facilities, ie people who did not get sick during the pandemic, but have other health problems and may not receive the necessary medical care in time, are harmed. Thus, the topical issue is the development of a remote monitoring system, depending on the clinical signs of COVID-19. Remote monitoring improves patient health monitoring. Monitoring uses digital technology to collect health data from people in one place, such as a patient's home, and to electronically transmit information to health care providers elsewhere for assessment and recommendation. The aim of the work is to create a system of remote monitoring of COVID-19 disease on the basis of the Internet of Things. The object of the study is the clinical indicators of COVID-19. The subject of the study is the patient monitoring system and its hardware. Remote monitoring of patients improves control of patients' health. Thus, the task of building a monitoring system is urgent, the system of monitoring the patient's condition primarily reduces the burden on health care, which is a strong argument during a pandemic, and such a system will benefit people who are far from medical facilities, such as in the countryside. The first section provides theoretical information on the infectious disease COVID-19, the clinical picture of the disease, the main symptoms, the principles of monitoring and selected indicators for monitoring the disease COVID-19. In the second section the analysis of technologies of the Internet of Things, general architecture is carried out, the architecture for the monitoring system at COVID-19 disease is offered and the devices for monitoring of pressure and pulse oximetry are selected, the requirements to the software are substantiated. In the third section, the requirements for the ECG device are substantiated, the ADC and the microcontroller with the BLE interface are selected, and the input stage of the transverse impedance measurement is modeled. In most of those infected, the infection is mild or asymptomatic [8]. In severe form, with the need for oxygen therapy, occurs in approximately 15% of cases, in 5% of patients are critical. The mortality rate from infection is estimated at about 0.68%. According to the analysis of data on 1099 patients as of February 28, 2020, about 91.1% of patients with COVID-19 were diagnosed with pneumonia [9]. Approximately 15% of patients have a triad of symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath, and 90% have more than one symptom [10]. Some patients may have minimal symptoms or asymptomatics, while others may have severe pneumonia or complications such as acute respiratory syndrome, septic shock, acute myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, or multiple organ failure. The most common symptoms are: - fever; - cough; - shortness of breath; - altered sense of taste / smell. The effectiveness of medical technology is associated with the improvement of methods and tools for monitoring the condition of patients in the treatment process. In critical care medicine, the problem of continuous monitoring of diagnostic information has a special place, because in this field of medicine The construction design of tools for diagnosing the condition of patients is based on the registration of physiological data and their subsequent evaluation in order to determine the indicators that characterize the work of the most important systems of the body. Biological signals are diverse in nature. Manifestations of physiological systems of the body. Determination of parameters and characteristics of biological signals and their evaluation complements the clinical picture of the disease with objective diagnostic information that allows to predict the development of the patient's condition. The main method of medicine for critical conditions is clinical monitoring. It involves continuous monitoring of the patient's condition based on the registration of biological signals and assessment of diagnostic indicators of the body in order to identify abnormalities, prevent hazards and complications arising during treatment. There are many systems for monitoring the patient's condition, but mostly it is expensive, cumbersome, stationary equipment used in clinics to monitor the condition of an already sick patient. The purpose of the work is to develop a system for monitoring the patient's condition that will be convenient, portable and inexpensive for home use. The data measured by the device system will be sent to the mobile device based on Android and iOS where the user can view. The device, in turn, periodically sends data about the patient's health to the server, where the current doctor can view them. The advantage of home monitoring, in the case of COVID-19, will be early warning of the disease, and the earliest possible start of treatment before the complications caused by the disease. IoT is a network of physical objects that have built-in technologies that allow you to interact with the external environment, transmit information about your condition and receive data from the outside. Generally speaking, IoT refers to the network interconnections of everyday objects. IoT will increase the ubiquity of the Internet by integrating each object for interoperability through embedded systems, leading to a widely distributed network of devices. Thanks to the rapid progress of basic technologies, IoT opens up huge opportunities for a large number of new applications that promise to improve the quality of our lives. IoT technologies have affected areas of decision-making such as smart power systems, supply chain management, smart cities and smart homes. The Internet of Things is a computing paradigm that will change business models, investment in technology, customer service and everyday life. The Internet of Things is also a network of physical objects that connect to the Internet, such as nanotechnology, consumer electronics, home appliances, all sorts of sensors, embedded systems and personal mobile devices. It involves network and communication technologies such as IPv6, web services, RFID and 4G networks. We put IoT-based solutions into practice when using mobile devices. Figure 2.1 shows the IoT connection options. The use of IoT has a number of advantages, the main one being the simplicity of communications and the absence of the need to build a specific infrastructure. The connection between the devices takes place via the Internet and bluetooth locally. For the Internet of Things monitoring system, it has the advantage of compactness and convenience of viewing all measured indicators on the screen of the patient's and the attending physician's smartphone. In the course of COVID-19 disease, the monitoring of a large number of patients with varying degrees of severity is greatly improved by the Internet of Things, and remote monitoring also reduces the burden on health care systems. | uk |
| dc.format.extent | 80 с. | uk |
| dc.identifier.citation | Кучер, В. В. Система дистанційного моніторингу хворих на COVID-19 на основі технологій інтернета речей : дипломна робота … бакалавра : 153 Мікро- та наносистемна техніка / Кучер Вячеслав Васильович. – Київ, 2021. – 80 с. | uk |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/59623 | |
| dc.language.iso | uk | uk |
| dc.publisher | КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського | uk |
| dc.publisher.place | Київ | uk |
| dc.subject | COVID-19 | uk |
| dc.subject | симптоми | uk |
| dc.subject | система моніторингу | uk |
| dc.subject | інтернет речей | uk |
| dc.subject | ЕКГ | uk |
| dc.title | Система дистанційного моніторингу хворих на COVID-19 на основі технологій інтернета речей | uk |
| dc.type | Bachelor Thesis | uk |
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