The national state, modernization and globalizations: The Case of South Korea's Transformation in the 1960s to early 1980s

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dc.contributor.authorWeston, C.
dc.contributor.authorВестон, Кріс
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-14T07:39:45Z
dc.date.available2016-07-14T07:39:45Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractenThe paper examines the rise of South Korea (or the Republic of Korea) with a particular focus on the period of 1961 to 1987 when South Korea transformed itself from an impoverished, US aid reliant, nominal state, still reeling from the destruction of the Korean War of 1950-3, to the rich, gleaming, thrusting, Asian economic behemoth of more recent times. The story told therein is not necessarily one of an effortless passage to greatness and a highly respectable GDP per capita, there were undoubtedly challenges along the way but there is a narrative that South Korea, due in part to its successful industrial conglomerates – the Chaebols, both ruthlessly competitive and highly innovative, combined with solid property rights and inherent entrepreneurship, was set (destined perhaps?) to achieve this deserved status. There is some merit in the above but it was far from the whole story. Whilst commentators, such as, for example, Evans, have noted the essential role of the Chaebols in the development of South Korea, with the State serving as a key instrument in underpinning the modernization project, this paper seeks to go beyond the surface appearance and examine other key important events and factors that also lay behind South Korea's successful transformation. There is the key role of the South Korean army which, in addition to its military role, also constituted a source of political and economic power, particularly in the era of Chung Park Hee. In addition, there is also the economic role of the rapprochement with Korea's former colonial power, Japan and South Korea's reassumption of its periphery role in Japan's economy, which had been seemingly terminated in 1945 following the latter's defeat by the newly emerging superpower, the USA. South Korea's own development would also closely parallel that of the rise of the American Empire, particularly through its substantial involvement as a key US ally in the Vietnam War – indeed a number of the Chaebols would rise to prominence through their business and commercial involvement in this war. The winding down of the Vietnam War in the late 1960s and early 1970s might well have had a negative impact on Korea's modernization trajectory but for the increasing trend of the globalization of capitalism, particularly in respect of the inflows of international capital and South Korea'a growing importance to Japan as an integral element of its own economic expansion. The 1973 Oil Crisis led to an opportunity for South Korea as it became a major beneficiary of recycled petrodollars in an arrangement that closely mirrors the triangular trade of the eighteenth century by which the then emerging power, England, benefitted, as noted by Beaud, Gunder Frank, Williams and Wolf. Thus South Korea's own primitive accumulation of capital throughout the period was an essential ingredient in it realising its modernizing strategy, or ideology. Finally, the paper will take a brief look at whether “inclusive institutions” were as important to South Korea's modernization as has been suggested or whether other factors were equally, if not more important, in achieving its transformation.uk
dc.description.abstractruВ статье автор исследует взлет Южной Кореи (или Республики Корея), особое внимание уделяя периоду 1961-1987гг., когда произошла трансформация Южной Кореи – от бедного, зависимого от США номинального государства, расшатанного разрушительной войной 1950-1953 гг., в богатую, успешную, быстро развивающуюся современную азиатскую экономику.uk
dc.description.abstractukУ статті автор досліджує зліт Південної Кореї (або Республіки Корея), особливу увагу приділяючи періоду 1961-1987гг., Коли відбулася трансформація Південної Кореї – від бідного, залежного від США номінального держави, розхитаного руйнівною війною 1950-1953 рр., у заможну, успішну, сучасну азіатську економіку, що швидко розвивається.uk
dc.format.pagerangePp. 48-59uk
dc.identifier.citationWeston C. The national state, modernization and globalizations: The Case of South Korea's Transformation in the 1960s to early 1980s / Weston C. // Вісник НТУУ «КПІ». Політологія. Соціологія. Право : збірник наукових праць. – 2014. – № 1 (21). – С. 48–59. – Бібліогр.: 37 назв.uk
dc.identifier.urihttps://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/17013
dc.language.isoenuk
dc.publisherПолітехнікаuk
dc.publisher.placeКиївuk
dc.source.nameВісник НТУУ «КПІ». Політологія. Соціологія. Право : збірник наукових працьuk
dc.status.pubpublisheduk
dc.subjectnational stateuk
dc.subjectmodernizationuk
dc.subjectglobalizationsuk
dc.subjectSouth Koreauk
dc.subjectнаціональна державаuk
dc.subjectмодернізаціяuk
dc.subjectглобалізаціяuk
dc.subjectПівденна Кореяuk
dc.subject.udc316.334.3:321uk
dc.titleThe national state, modernization and globalizations: The Case of South Korea's Transformation in the 1960s to early 1980suk
dc.typeArticleuk
thesis.degree.level-uk

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Вісник НТУУ «КПІ». Політологія. Соціологія. Право: збірник наукових праць, № 1 (21)