Development of the agricultural competitiveness of the People's Republic of China
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Дата
2024
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Видавець
КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського
Анотація
This research takes China's agriculture as the research object and nine other major agricultural trading countries such as the United States, Canada, France, Brazil and Argentina as the reference object, and extracts agricultural trade data from OECD database from 2007 to 2021, based on the statistical system of trade added value. Four major international competitiveness indicators of Chinese agriculture in global value chain, global value chain participation index, apparent competitive advantage index, and international market share of agricultural products were measured, the international competitiveness level of Chinese agriculture was evaluated, the main factors affecting the international competitiveness of Chinese agriculture were found out, and the corresponding solutions were proposed on this basis.
The results are as follows. Index measurement results. From the specific indicators of China's international competitiveness, the position index of China's agriculture in the global value chain, the participation rate index of agricultural global value chain and the international market share index are all lower than that of the United States, Canada and other major agricultural countries, and China's international agricultural competitiveness is generally weak. In the structure of China's export commodities, vegetables, fruits and aquatic products occupy the main position, mainly labor-intensive products; China is at the low end of the international division of labor in the global value chain of agriculture, and its profit level is low, but it is accelerating its integration into the global value chain division system.
Main influencing factors. From the perspective of enterprise strategy and industry competition, China's agricultural operations are mainly small-scale family operations, and there are basically no world-class multinational agricultural enterprises such as Cargill and Bayer. In the international market, Chinese agricultural enterprises take Sanda as the main model and even compete for agricultural orders at low prices. There are few international well-known brands of agricultural products, and the marketing is not enough. Lack of organizational strength in the industry. The input of traditional factors such as nutrition, land and labor can significantly improve the explicit comparative advantage index and international market share, but has a negative impact on the global value chain participation index and global value chain position index. Domestic demand has a significant positive impact on GVC participation index, GVC position index and international market share, and a significant negative impact on explicit comparative advantage index. In related industries and supporting industries, there is a huge gap between China's agricultural information services, research and development, technical support and other aspects with the United States, the Netherlands and other countries. The educational structure of scientific research teams is low, major scientific research achievements are few, and the transformation and application effect in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is not ideal; 5) In terms of government support and protection, government investment in rural infrastructure investment, financial allocations for scientific research, and agricultural personnel training has continued to increase in recent years, but it is still insufficient; Insufficient efforts in agricultural protection have led to the continued deterioration of China's trade deficit in agricultural products.
According to the above research results, in order to improve the international competitiveness of agriculture, China needs to change the traditional extensive agricultural production model with high input and high consumption, attach great importance to the driving role of domestic demand on the international competitiveness of agriculture, especially its position and participation in the global value chain, and give full play to the potential of domestic demand.
Proposals: Enhance integration into the global value chain to obtain more development opportunities. Accelerate the modernization of agricultural equipment, agricultural digitalization, automation, seed research and development industry developing. Increase investment and protection in agriculture. Improve the degree of industry organization.
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Бібліографічний опис
Wang Chunli. Development of the agricultural competitiveness of the People's Republic of China : master's thesis : 051 Economics / Wang Chunli. - Kyiv, 2024. - 99 р.