General didactic methods in physical education and sports. Their features and implementation in the pedagogical process and sports activities

Anikeienko, Larysa; Bilokon, Viktor

General didactic methods in physical education and sports. Their features and implementation in the pedagogical process and sports activities

Дата

2025-06-26

Автори

Anikeienko, Larysa

Bilokon, Viktor

Видавець

УДУ імені Михайла Драгоманова

Анотація

The process of physical education and sports training is based on general social principles of the educational strategy of society (culture, upbringing, education), general pedagogy (consciousness and activity, visibility, accessibility, etc.) and special principles. General pedagogical (didactic) principles regarding specifc tasks of physical education are general methodological principles. A more complete and deep disclosure of specific regularities of physical education is carried out using general didactic principles, significantly expanded and deepened taking into account the specifics of physical education.The number of physical exercises that can be used in youth health training is very large. After all, most of them can be performed with one or another sports equipment (dumbbells, weights, rubber shock absorbers, etc.), in simplified or complicated situations (martial arts, sports games, etc.). Performing exercises of various types contributes to the training of the largest possible number of muscles, organs and systems of the body. The use of a small number of exercises in the training program, due to the specificity of their action, will contribute to the development of highly specialized training effects with the improvement of the functional reserves of a limited number of body systems. However, it should be remembered that in order to maintain health, one can limit oneself to exercisesthat contribute to the training (improvement) of the functions of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. For this, it is enough to use about ten significantly different exercises. The significance of individual physical exercises is determined by their emotionality, ease of use, etc. Regarding the safety of exercises for health (it is determined by the uniformity of loads, the possibility of their precise dosage, and low emotionality), the most favorable are running on the spot, walking, and gymnastics. The averageduration of exercises (the maintime, the density of the exercise), and with it the training effect, are the greatest when running, the smallest when walking. Additional time costs (time for gathering and dressing, etc.) are the smallest for home exercises.

Ключові слова

students, university, didactic principles, physical education, sports студенти, вищий навчальний заклад, дидактичні принципи, фізичне виховання, спорт

Бібліографічний опис

Anikeienko, L. General didactic methods in physical education and sports. Their features and implementation in the pedagogical process and sports activities / Anikeienko Larysa, Bilokon Viktor // Науковий часопис національного педагогічного університету імені М.П.Драгоманова. Серія 15. - 2025. - Випуск 6 (193). - С. 179-182.