Model of knee joint pathologies
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Дата
2024
Автори
Науковий керівник
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського
Анотація
Relevance of the work: The issue of early diagnosis and classification of knee joint pathologies is highly relevant because the likelihood of successful treatment is significantly higher at the initial stages of the diseases due to stabilization and tissue repair mechanisms. Improvement of early diagnosis methods is also pertinent in the context of preventive medical examinations for the population. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of degenerative joint disease in humans, with knee joints, which support body weight, being the most affected. Modern diagnostic tools allow non-invasive examination of knee joint conditions, but the technologies and methods used require refinement. Several hypotheses about the model of the onset and development of pathologies and their diagnostics have been proposed, which, if confirmed, could ensure early detection and classification of such diseases. One such hypothesis is the possible correlation between the state of adipose tissue around the knee joint and the degree and type of joint cartilage damage. Another hypothesis suggests a correlation between the fat content in the knee joint and the T2 relaxation parameters in MRI studies. Any advancements in research confirming these hypotheses are highly significant for improving methods of early detection and classification of knee joint pathologies, thus enhancing the quality of life for many osteoarthritis patients.
The purpose of the work: The purpose of the work is to develop a model of cause-and-effect relationships in the occurrence and development of knee joint pathologies and the correlation of diagnostic features for early detection of these pathologies.
Job tasks:
1. To investigate the correlation between the fat content in the knee joint and the T2 relaxation parameter in MRI using the integration of IDEAL - IQ and T2 Mapping sequences.
2. To analyze the relationship between damage of adipose tissue and cartilage based on a correlation study.
3. To propose diagnostic methods for the early detection of knee osteoarthritis based on the investigation of the correlation between adipose tissue parameters and cartilage damage, thereby providing MRI visualization tools for early clinical prevention and treatment.
Research subject: Diagnostic methods for knee joint pathologies based on MRI studies.
Research object: Anatomical structures of the human knee joint.
Research methods: The following research tools were used to apply evidence-based medicine methods to test hypotheses about the correlation of diagnostic features. MRI examinations of the knee joint using a 3.0T scanner included Sag-PDWI, Sag-T2 Mapping, Sag/Axial-FST2WI, Sag/Axial-IDEAL-IQ sequences. Study participants were divided into a normal control group and a group with knee osteoarthritis (including subgroups with mild, moderate, and severe cartilage damage according to the WORMS scoring system for cartilage damage). The measured values included fat fraction (FF), T2 relaxation parameter values of the anatomical structures of the knee joint, and T2 values for the most severely damaged cartilage area. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences between groups with varying degrees of cartilage damage. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the correlation of T2 and FF values of different tissue structures with the T2 values of cartilage.
Scientific novelty: The scientific novelty of the work lies in the application of evidence-based medicine methods to test the proposed hypotheses about the model of the onset and development of knee joint pathologies, the development of a model of cause-and-effect relationships in knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and the correlation of diagnostic features for the early detection of KOA and classification of its stages.
Practical significance of the results: The developed diagnostic methods for the early detection of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and classification of its stages will increase the likelihood of successful KOA treatment, thereby improving the quality of life for many patients. The regulation of the developed diagnostic methods will
stimulate broader population coverage with preventive examinations for KOA. The obtained research results can contribute to further studies on modeling the processes of onset and progression of knee joint diseases
Опис
Ключові слова
Osteoarthritis, Infrapatellar Fat Pad, Suprapatellar Fat Pad, Articular cartilage, IDEAL - IQ, T2 Mapping, MRI, Evidence-Based Medicine
Бібліографічний опис
FaSheng Li. Model of knee joint pathologies : Master's Thesis : 163 Biomedical engineering / FaSheng Li. - Київ, 2024. - 87 pages.